Khataraha shaqada ee qiiqa alxanka iyo ilaalinta

Shaqada alxanka waxay ku lug leedahay qaybo badan oo warshado ah, qiiqa alxanka waa mid ka mid ah khataraha ugu badan ee shaqada alxanka.

Qiiqa alxanka waxa uu ku jiraa habka alxanka marka usha alxanka iyo qaybaha alxanka ay taabto, hadii ay dhacdo gubasho heerkul sare ah ay dhaliso nooc ka mid ah qiiqa, qiiqa waxa ku jira manganese dioxide, nitrogen oxides, fluoride, ozone, iwm. si ay waxyeelo u gaarsiiyaan jidhka bini'aadamka.Ka dib marka ay dadku neefsadaan qiiqa iyo boodhka, waxay keeni karaan dawakhaad, madax-xanuun, qufac, laabta oo adkaata iyo neefta oo ku yaraata, iwm. Neefsashada muddada dheer waxay keeni doontaa nabarro fibre ah oo unugyada sambabada ah, tusaale ahaan, alxanka oof-wareenka, waxaana badanaa la socda dhibaatooyin ay ka mid yihiin sunta manganese, fluorosis iyo qandhada qiiqa birta.Bilawga iyo horumarinta alxanka pneumoconiosis waa mid gaabis ah, oo leh calaamado yar oo khafiif ah marxaladaha hore ee cudurka, mana laha calaamado miyir leh oo ku jira filimka laabta ee raajada.Calaamadaha ugu caansan waa qufac, xaako, laab xanuun, laabta oo adkaata iyo neefta oo ku dhegta.Tijaabooyinka shaqada sambabada ayaa ah kuwo aan muuqanin marxaladaha hore, laakiin marka uu cudurku sii socdo, daciifnimada hawo-qaadista iyo isweydaarsiga hawada ayaa dhici karta.

Welders' pneumoconiosis waa in goor hore laga hortago, iyo shirkadaha alxanka la xiriira iyo alxanka waa in ay qaataan tallaabooyinkan soo socda ee ilaalinta khatarta shaqada.

1, Hagaajinta hawada hawada ee goobta shaqada.

Hawo-qaadiddu waxay u qaybsantaa hawo dabiici ah iyo hawo farsamo, kuwaas oo hawo-mareenka farsamada ee ka-saarista boodhka, saamaynta sun-saaridda ayaa ka fiican, sidaas darteed meelaha hawo-qaadashada dabiiciga ah ee liita, alxanka qaab-dhismeedka xiran ama nus-xiran, waa inay jiraan tallaabooyin hawo farsamo.Waxaa xusid mudan in meelo badan oo alxanka gacanta ah, gaar ahaan xagaaga, haddii la isticmaalo marawaxadaha si toos ah loogu afuufo hawo siinta qiiqa, taas oo keeni doonta faafinta qiiqa inta uu socdo aqoon isweydaarsiga, khatar badan.

2, Hagaajinta ilaalinta shakhsi ahaaneed.

Hawl-wadeennada alxanka waa in ay isticmaalaan maaskaro boodhka ah, iyo sidoo kale koofiyadaha, muraayadaha difaaca, galoofyada, dhegaha, iwm si waafaqsan shuruudaha caafimaadka shaqada;Haddii aad ka shaqaynayso machadyo xiran ama kuwa xiran, waxaad sidoo kale u baahan tahay inaad xirato isticmaalka maaskaro sahayda hawada ah.

3, Hagaajinta farsamada alxanka iyo habka alxanka iyo alaabta.

Iyada oo la wanaajinayo heerka farsamada iyo otomatiga alxanka, si hawl-wadeenka iyo deegaanka ka hawlgala ay go'doomiyaan, asal ahaan baabi'iyaan khataraha hawlaha alxanka ee jidhka bini'aadamka;iyada oo la hagaajinayo habka alxanka, la yareeyo dhismaha dhismayaasha xiran si loo hagaajiyo xaaladaha shaqada ee hawlwadeenka si loo yareeyo wasakhowga qiiqa alxanka;Isla mar ahaantaana, wanaaji qalabka alxanka, dooro kuwa aan sun ahayn ama ushii alxanka hooseeya, sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka wax ku oolka ah si loo yareeyo khatarta alxanka.

4, U fiirso kormeerka caafimaadka shaqada iyo tijaabada goobta shaqada.

Loo shaqeeyuhu waa in uu si joogto ah u sameeyaa baadhis iyo qiimayn ku saabsan boodhka iyo khataraha sunta ah ee goobta shaqada alxanka, iyo kormeerka caafimaadka shaqada ee joogtada ah ee shaqaalaha si loo ogaado dhibaatooyinka wakhtiga ku habboon loogana hortago loona xakameeyo cudurrada shaqada.Kormeerka caafimaadka shaqada iyo ogaanshaha khataraha goobta shaqada waa in loo fuliyaa si waafaqsan shuruucda iyo qawaaniinta laxiriirta xeerarka iyo heerarka.

5, Xoojinta waxbarashada caafimaadka shaqada.

Loo shaqeeyuhu waa inuu sameeyaa waxbarashada lagama maarmaanka ah ee aqoonta caafimaadka shaqada ee hawl-wadeennada alxanka, kor u qaadida wacyiga is-ilaalinta, si miyir leh u hoggaansamaan nidaamka maaraynta caafimaadka shaqada, oo uu qabto shaqo wanaagsan oo is-difaacid ah.

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